1. Origin and Geography
Location: Grown in the Yunnan Province of China, particularly in regions like Lijiang and Baoshan.
Elevation: Typically cultivated at elevations between 1,200 and 2,000 meters (approximately 4,000 to 6,600 feet), which contributes to the coffee's complexity and flavor clarity.
2. Varietal Characteristics
Caturra Variety: Caturra is a natural mutation of the Bourbon variety, recognized for its compact growth habit and high-quality yields. It produces smaller cherries that often result in flavorful beans.
Plant Traits: Caturra plants are usually more susceptible to diseases and pests, necessitating careful farming practices, but they are prized for their exceptional flavor when cultivated well.
3. Flavor Profile
Acidity: Yunnan Caturra beans are known for their bright, lively acidity, reminiscent of fruits like oranges and lemons.
Sweetness: The Specialty Coffee Beans tends to have a natural sweetness, often described as candy-like or sugary, enhancing the overall drinking experience.
Flavor Layers: Notes may include floral aromas, chocolate, caramel, and various fruity undertones, creating a complex and well-rounded cup.
Mouthfeel: Generally, the coffee has a medium body, contributing to its smoothness and drinkability.
4. Processing Methods
Washed Processing: Many Yunnan Caturra beans are processed using the washed method, which emphasizes clarity and cleanliness in flavor, allowing the unique characteristics of the beans to shine.
Natural Processing: Some producers may also use natural processing, resulting in a fruitier, sweeter flavor profile as the beans dry with the fruit intact, leading to more intense flavors.
5. Sustainability and Farming Practices
Smallholder Farms: The majority of Yunnan Specialty Coffee Bean comes from smallholder farmers who employ traditional farming practices, often focusing on organic methods.
Sustainable Practices: Many farms are increasingly adopting sustainable agriculture practices to maintain soil health and promote biodiversity.
Community Impact: Investing in local communities, these farms often help empower farmers through training and access to better agricultural techniques.
6. Market Trends
Growing Popularity: Yunnan coffee, particularly Caturra, is gaining recognition in the specialty coffee market, with a growing number of cafes and roasters increasingly sourcing these beans.
Awards and Recognition: Some Yunnan coffees have received high scores in cupping competitions and are being showcased in coffee expos globally, elevating their status on the international stage.
7. Brewing Recommendations
Versatility: Yunnan Caturra can be brewed using various methods, including pour-over, French press, espresso, and AeroPress. Each method can highlight different aspects of its flavor profile.
Water Temperature: Using slightly cooler water temperatures (90-94°C or 194-201°F) may enhance the sweetness and reduce bitterness, showcasing the coffee's bright acidity.
